湖南仁里超大型钽铌矿床工作进展及找矿思路     

杨世珍  周芳春  李建斌  刘翔  李建康  黄志飚  苏俊男  李鹏 《中国地质调查》2020,7(4):28-36

湖南仁里超大型钽铌矿床钽铌铍矿资源丰富,Ta₂O₅资源量达到了超大型规模,BeO资源量达到了大型规模。为进一步研究湖南仁里超大型钽铌矿床稀有金属的赋存特征、成矿规律及矿产资源综合利用前景,开展了地球化学分析、电子探针、包裹体、同位素测年及可选性试验等研究工作,通过系统梳理仁里超大型钽铌矿床的工作进展,进一步探讨了该矿床的下一步找矿思路。仁里钽铌矿床共(伴)生矿种多,稀有金属综合回收率及矿产资源采选综合利用率高,具有极大的开发利用价值,可作为绿色、环保、无尾矿范例进行高效勘查与开发。仁里矿区钽铌铍矿资源丰富,具有较好的找矿潜力,加大地质勘查资金投入有望取得钽铌铍锂等稀有金属找矿新进展。下一步应对矿区2、3、5、6号主矿脉深部矿体进行控制,力争取得钽铌铍矿找矿突破,同时加强对矿区西部或西南部隐伏锂辉石白云母钠长石伟晶岩的研究工作,力争取得锂辉石白云母钠长石伟晶岩型锂矿找矿突破。  相似文献   

Hierarchical community detection and functional area identification with OSM roads and complex graph theory     

Ye Hong 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(8):1569-1587

An in-depth analysis of the urban road network structure plays an essential role in understanding the distribution of urban functional area. To concentrate topologically densely connected road segments, communities of urban roads provide a new perspective to study the structure of the network. In this study, based on OpenStreetMap (OSM) roads and points-of-interest (POI) data, we employ the Infomap community detection algorithm to identify the hierarchical community in city roads and explore the shaping role roads play in urban space and their relation with the distribution of urban functional areas. The results demonstrate that the distribution of communities at different levels in Guangzhou, China reflects the urban spatial relation between the suburbs and urban centers and within urban centers. Moreover, the study explored the functional area characteristics at the community scale and identified the distribution of various functional areas. Owing to the structure information contained in the identification process, the detected community can be used as a basic unit in other urban studies. In general, with the community-based network, this study proposes a novel method of combining city roads with urban space and functional zones, providing necessary data support and academic guidance for government and urban planners.  相似文献   

FluBiDi – a model to estimate flood based on runoff: validation using extreme and natural basin conditions     

Faustino De Luna-Cruz  O.A. Fuentes-Mariles  J. Gracia-Sánchez 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(3):297-317

FluBiDi is a two-dimensional model created to simulate real events that can take days and months, as well as short events (minutes or hours) and inclusive laboratory tests. To verify the robustness of FluBiDi, it was tested using a previous study with both designed and real digital elevation models. The results highlight good agreement between the models (i.e. Mike Flood, SOBEK, ISIS 2D, and others) tested and FluBiDi (around 90% for a specific instant and 95% for the complete time simulation). In the simulated hydrographs, the discharge peak value, time to peak, and water level results were accurate, reproducing them with an error of less than 5%. The velocity differences observed in a couple of tests in FluBiDi were associated with very short periods of time (seconds). However, FluBiDi is highly accurate for simulating floods under real topographical conditions with differences of around 2 cm when water depth is around 150 cm. The average water depth and velocities are precise, and the model describes with high accuracy the pattern and extent of floods. FluBiDi has the capability to be adjusted to different types of events and only requires limited input data.  相似文献   

A continuous modelling approach for design flood estimation on sub-daily time scale     

B. Winter  K. Schneeberger  N.V. Dung  M. Huttenlau  S. Achleitner  J. Stötter 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(5):539-554

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Biogeochemistry of dissolved carbon,major, and trace elements during spring flood periods on the Ob River     

Sergey N. Vorobyev  Oleg S. Pokrovsky  Larisa G. Kolesnichenko  Rinat M. Manasypov  Liudmila S. Shirokova  Jan Karlsson  Sergey N. Kirpotin 《水文研究》2019,33(11):1579-1594

Detailed knowledge of the flood period of Arctic rivers remains one of the few factors impeding rigorous prediction of the effect of climate change on carbon and related element fluxes from the land to the Arctic Ocean. In order to test the temporal and spatial variability of element concentration in the Ob River (western Siberia) water during flood period and to quantify the contribution of spring flood period to the annual element export, we sampled the main channel year round in 2014–2017 for dissolved C, major, and trace element concentrations. We revealed high stability (approximately ≤10% relative variation) of dissolved C, major, and trace element concentrations in the Ob River during spring flood period over a 1‐km section of the river channel and over 3 days continuous monitoring (3‐hr frequency). We identified two groups of elements with contrasting relationship to discharge: (a) DIC and soluble elements (Cl, SO₄, Li, B, Na, Mg, Ca, P, V, Cr, Mn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba, W, and U) negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with discharge and exhibited minimal concentrations during spring flood and autumn high flow and (b) DOC and particle‐reactive elements (Al, Fe, Ti, Y, Zr, Nb, Cs, REEs, Hf, Tl, Pb, and Th), some nutrients (K), and metalloids (Ge, Sb, and Te), positively correlated (p < 0.05) with discharge and showed the highest concentrations during spring flood. We attribute the decreased concentration of soluble elements with discharge to dilution by groundwater feeding and increased concentration of DOC and particle‐reactive metals with discharge to leaching from surface soil, plant litter, and suspended particles. Overall, the present study provides first‐order assessment of fluxes of major and trace elements in the middle course of the Ob River, reveals their high temporal and spatial stability, and characterizes the mechanism of river water chemical composition acquisition.  相似文献   

Monitoring Contact State of Laboratory Fault with Coda Transmission Waves     

XIE Fan  REN Yaqiong  HOU Jinxin 《中国地震研究》2019,33(3):431-436

We monitored the amplitude changes of coda transmission waves around 500kHz across the frictional interface of a simulated 1.5-meter-long fault during normal stress holding test. We find that the amplitude of coda transmission waves increases with the logarithm of stationary contact time. Localized increase amounted to a level ranging from 4% to 16% along the fault is observed during the 1-hour experiment. We discuss that the frictional strength at mesoscopic scale, which is related to the amplitude of coda transmission waves, is responsible for the phenomenon. Combining the reported method with other complementary approaches will enhance the understanding of fault mechanism either at laboratory or on-site applications.  相似文献   

海城、盖州地区地震震源机制及一致性参数特征研究     

段梦乔  赵翠萍 《地震》2019,39(4):39-53

本文选取辽宁海城、 盖州地区(40°~41°N, 122°~123°E)作为研究区, 利用广义极性振幅技术(GPAT)方法, 反演得到研究区2012—2017年6月共184个地震震源机制解, 并利用Misfit角度分析震源机制一致性参数特征。 研究结果表明: ① 研究区地震震源机制解以走滑型和正断型为主。 海城地区地震震源机制解以NW—SE向节面的左旋走滑型和NWW向节面的正断型为主。 发震构造以NW向海城河断裂为主, NE向节面为主的地震可能受到NE向金州断裂带的控制。 ② 青石岭地区的发震构造为与九寨—盖县北段共轭的NW向未知断裂, 西海域的地震活动可能是NE向的雁式断裂和NW向共轭的未知断裂共同作用的结果。 ③ 震源机制一致性结果显示, 一致性增强后发生了震级相对较大的地震。 研究区的震源机制一致性较强, 表明该区域的应力较为集中。 但由于2016年以来活动趋于平静, 尚难以根据震源机制解一致性程度做出当前应力状态的判断。  相似文献   

滇东北地区地震弱活动前兆异常特征研究     

李利波  付虹  李琼  何德强 《地震》2019,39(3):115-126

以鲁甸M_S6.5地震震中附近的鲁甸大坪子泉水氡、 水质观测资料为基础, 通过对其地震前后的异常特征进行差异性对比, 分析认为震前地震活动丛集, 水氡、 水质异常持续时间较长, 幅度较大, 表现为破年变异常现象; 震后为小震群弱活动, 水氡、 水质异常幅度相对较小, 持续时间较短, 多次出现同步转折, 表现为介质弱化区的前兆异常特征。 从水样测试结果, GNSS位移观测资料、 GPS时间序列曲线及地震活动性等方面分析了鲁甸水氡、 水质的异常机理, 认为鲁甸的水质离子组分群体异常, 与区域的变形活动有关, 局部应力的不断积累, 加剧了地下深部物质活动及构造活动; 近期的同步转折现象属于介质弱化区应力调整状态下的前兆异常。  相似文献   

京西北地区地震重定位及构造特征     

刘燕翔  卫俊  李金  王妍  李峰  王曰风  蔡玲玲 《地震地磁观测与研究》2019,41(1):19-24

采用双差定位法对京西北地区（39.5°—41.5° N，113°—117° E）2013年1月1日至2017年12月31日6 223次有效地震进行精确定位，得到该区震源分布的精细图像和震源深度剖面图。结果显示，重新定位后地震的水平分布更集中，沿断裂带分布特征更加明显，震中在断裂带呈更明显的条带状、簇状分布，地震与线状的深浅断裂构造的关系密切；大部分地震发生在中上地壳，震源分布为典型震源密集区的空间形态，呈纵深约15 km、直径20—40 km的近圆形“厚饼状”。  相似文献   

2000年以来青藏高原湖泊面积变化与气候要素的响应关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闾利  张廷斌  易桂花  苗加庆  李景吉  别小娟  黄祥麟 《湖泊科学》2019,31(2):573-589

青藏高原星罗密布的湖泊对气候变化十分敏感，在自然界水循环和水平衡中发挥着重要作用.以MODIS MOD09A1和SRTM DEM为数据源，提取了2000-2016年青藏高原丰水期面积大于50 km²的湖泊边界，从内外流分区、湖泊主要补给来源和湖水矿化度三个方面对2000年以来湖泊面积变化进行分析，并结合青藏高原近36年气象数据，根据气象要素变化趋势分区，初步探讨青藏高原湖泊面积变化与气候要素的关系.结果表明：青藏高原面积大于50 km²的138个湖泊整体扩张趋势显著，总面积增加2340.67 km²，增长率为235.52 km²/a.其中，扩张型湖泊占67.39%，萎缩型湖泊占12.32%，稳定型湖泊占20.29%.内流湖扩张趋势显著，外流湖扩张趋势较明显；以冰雪融水为主要补给来源的湖泊整体扩张趋势明显，以地表径流和河流补给为主要补给源的湖泊也呈扩张趋势；盐湖和咸水湖以扩张为主，淡水湖的扩张、萎缩和稳定三种类型较均衡.在青藏高原气候暖湿化方向发展背景下，湖泊面积变化与气候要素具有显著的区域相关性.气温和降水变化趋势分区结果表明，气温增加、降水增加强趋势的高原Ⅰ区湖泊扩张程度（78.18%）依次大于气温降低、降水量呈增加趋势的Ⅴ区（66.67%），气温、降水量呈增加趋势的Ⅱ区（60.78%），气温呈降低、降水量呈增加强趋势的Ⅳ区（58.83%）和气温呈增加、降水量呈减少趋势的Ⅲ区（50.00%）.湖泊面积变化对气候变化响应研究表明，升温引起的冰雪融水补给对Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区湖泊面积扩张的影响显著，加之降水量的增加，湖泊扩张速率明显；Ⅳ区和Ⅴ区湖泊面积扩张主要受降水量增加影响显著.整体而言，气温主要影响以冰雪融水为主要补给来源的湖泊，降水量主要影响以降水和地表径流为主要补给来源的湖泊.  相似文献